Birch tar
Composition
A product obtained through special processing of birch bark, composed of:
- Benzene
- Toluene
- Xylene
- Guaiacol
- Cresol
- Traces of phenol and creosols
Properties
- A dense, oily, black solution with a specific odor and sharp taste.
- Miscible with ether and chloroform, soluble in basic solutions and absolute alcohol; forms an emulsion with water at concentrations up to 15%.
Pharmacotherapeutic Action
- Acts as an antiseptic, insecticide, irritant, keratoplastic (at 3-5% concentration) or keratolytic (at 30-50% concentration).
- At low concentrations, it activates tissue granulation; at concentrations above 10%, it inhibits it.
Method of Administration and Dosage
Used in pure form or as part of various medicinal forms.
- External: In the treatment of scabies, trichophytosis, or microsporia, as liniments or emulsions, applied warm (T +50°C) to affected areas. The following forms are used:
1. Viennese Tar Liniment:
- Tar – 1 part
- Medicinal sulfur – 1 part
- Alcohol – 2 parts
- Green soap – 2 parts
2. Tar and Soap Emulsion:
- Soap – 3-4 parts
- Hot water – 100 parts
- Tar – 5-10 parts
3. Paste (scabies in poultry):
- Hexachlorane – 2 g
- Tar – 100 g
- Green soap – 100 g
(Soap and tar are heated to T +70°C, mixed, then used to treat poultry legs.)
4. **Tar and Milk Emulsion:**
- Tar – 5 ml
- Milk – 95 ml
5. Vishnevsky Liniment or Ointment:
- Tar – 3 parts
- Xeroform – 3-5 parts
- Castor oil – 100 parts
- Internal: As a disinfectant and to combat pathogenic intestinal microflora:
- Horses and large cattle – 10-25 ml
- Sheep, goats, pigs – 2-5 ml
- Dogs – 0.1-1 ml
- Poultry – 0.05-0.2 ml
- Other uses:
- In respiratory infections, as an antimicrobial and mucolytic, via tar steam inhalation.
- For treating hoof lesions in horses, in pure form or 5-10% solutions with sulfur and tar.
Contraindications
- Internal overdose is not permitted.
- Hypersensitivity to tar, especially in cats.
Presentation Form
- 100 ml vials.
Shelf Life
- 5 years.